Energy Management and Climate Change
Goal 7:
Goal 13:
Management Guidelines and Practices
BEM operates in compliance with its Environmental Policy covering climate-related issues.
Accordingly, the Company has determined climate change and energy management goals and strategies covering all activities across the supply chain in order to achieve aligned and effective implementation of GHG reduction efforts. The Company has established the Quality Management System Committee, the Safety Committee, and the Quality and Efficiency Management Committee to supervise internal quality and environmental management. The Energy Management Working Group has also been appointed to oversee and carry out operations to reduce GHG emissions and consumption of energies, such as fuel, electricity, water, and paper.
In 2025, BEM completed the verification of its GHG emissions, covering all three scopes. The organizational boundary established for calculating and reporting these emissions accounts for 99% of total operations, excluding the office areas of the Company’s subsidiaries. This verification was conducted by an external auditor, TUV NORD (Thailand) Company Limited (TUV NORD). The Company also registered its corporate GHG emissions certification with the Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization (Public Organization) (TGO). Notably, the Company does not engage in activities or operations of assets held within a Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT) portfolio.
Impact on Business and Stakeholders
The impact of climate change, such as global warming, disasters, and floods, has led to the loss of natural balance and damage to living things, homes, and infrastructure. For this reason, both public and private organizations over the world are obliged to take measures to mitigate climate change, such as issuing carbon tax or inventing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions capture technology, which must be closely monitored by BEM. Therefore, if BEM lacks effective climate change mitigation and adaptation measures, it will face increased risks, such as high energy costs and higher costs from damage to infrastructure due to extreme weather events, which may even cause delay or disruptions to business operations. As a result, the Company may lose the confidence of communities, society, suppliers, and investors.
Commitment, Challenges and Opportunities
BEM's businesses, especially the rail business, which consumes high amount of energy to operate and thus indirectly contribute to GHG emissions.
Therefore, the Company strives to reduce energy consumption by optimizing the efficiency of eco-friendly tools, equipment, and technology employed in business operations. The Company also promotes the use of renewable energy by setting a policy and reviewing relevant goals every year, in order to be a guideline for managing the company in the same direction, including raising employee awareness, and promoting projects, activities, and measures essential to the achievement of the Net Zero GHG Emissions Target by 2050. This is in line with and responds to the expectations of investors and other stakeholders. It also mitigates future climate-related risks and demonstrates the Company's responsibility towards government agencies, communities and society while encouraging customers to use low-carbon transportation services.
BEM is committed to aligning with the Paris Agreement and the 26th session of the Conference of the Parties (COP26) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), which aims to limit an increase in the global temperature to 1.5oC. This includes actions to reduce GHG emissions, with the target of achieving net zero GHG emissions by 2050.
BEM has established a GHG emissions reduction target-setting process in accordance with the Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi). This process began by calculating the Company’s current GHG emissions, using 2023 as the base year, which recorded a total GHG emissions of 143,834 tCO2e. In 2023, working with relevant departments, the Company developed a strategic plan to set GHG reduction targets by adopting an operational control approach, covering all three scopes of GHG emissions, while collecting relevant primary data to assess and calculate its corporate GHG emissions.
Targets and Performance Indicators
Overall, BEM achieved a 5.59% reduction in GHG emissions, which fell short of the set target. However, Scope 1 GHG emissions were successfully reduced by 64.00%, meeting the target due to the company's initiatives to cut fuel consumption by gradually replacing internal combustion engine vehicles to electric vehicles. Meanwhile, Scope 2 GHG emissions decreased by 1.11% and Scope 3 GHG emissions dropped by 5.80%. Although these volumes represent a decline from the previous year, they fell short of the established targets because the operational plans to install solar power generation systems remain underway and have not yet been completed consequently of non- renewable energy consumption for 2025 decreased by 0.90%, which also did not meet the designated target.
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Targets
2025 Performance
GHG Emissions Reduction
Targets
2025 Performance
Total Energy Consumption
Targets
2025 Performance
Energy Consumption Reduction
Targets
2025 Performance
Non-Renewable Energy Consumption Reduction
Targets
2025 Performance
Policy and Practices
Climate Change Management
Environmental and Climate Policy
BEM operates in accordance with its environmental and climate policy that emphasizes social and environmental responsibility alongside the continuous development of its environmental and climate change management systems. These systems align with international principles and standards such as ISO 50001, which is the international standard for energy management. This framework serves as a vital mechanism for enhancing resource efficiency, minimizing environmental impacts, and supporting sustainable operations, while encompassing activities related to the Company’s stakeholders.
Furthermore, BEM has appointed the Corporate Governance, Risk Management and Sustainable Development Committee. This committee is responsible for defining policies, directions, and work plans, as well as overseeing and reviewing the Company’s sustainability performance. The committee also reviews strategies to ensure alignment with the various corporate policies, such as the Environmental and Climate Policy, Energy Saving Policy, Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainable Development Policy. Management is assigned to implement these policies and report performance results to the Corporate Governance, Risk Management and Sustainable Development Committee on a quarterly basis.
Climate Change Practices
BEM is committed to actively managing and reducing its GHG emissions. The Company has established short-term, medium-term, and long-term GHG reduction targets to achieve its Net Zero goal by 2050 in alignment with the Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) guidelines, while implementing various projects to achieve these targets.
Climate Change Risk Management
Recognizing the critical importance of climate change, BEM assesses and manages climate-related risks by integrating them into the enterprise risk management (ERM) framework. This covers both physical risks and transition risks, such as Flood Risks from Climate Change and Risks from the Enforcement of Climate Change-Related Laws. Furthermore, the Company has assigned the Assistant Managing Director of Legal and Compliance Group to execute and develop the Company’s overall risk management process, including climate-related risk management. In addition, the Company requires all relevant departments to participate in identifying, assessing, mitigating, monitoring and reviewing risks on an annual basis. This ensures effective response planning to reduce or mitigate potential impacts appropriately and in a timely manner.
Company's Greenhouse Gas Emissions
In 2025, BEM’s total GHG emissions amounted to 135,790.09 tCO2e, representing a decrease of 8,043.91 tCO2e, or 5.59% compared with the 2023 base year. This total comprises direct GHG emissions (Scope 1) of 2,901.15 tCO2e (a decrease of 5,157.85 tCO2e from the base year), indirect GHG emissions (Scope 2) of 105,182.66 tCO2e (a decrease of 1,181.34 tCO2e from the base year), and other indirect GHG emissions (Scope 3) of 27,706.28 tCO2e (a decrease of 1,704.72 tCO2e from the base year).
Furthermore, BEM’s GHG emissions intensity for its expressway and rail businesses was 0.00023 tCO2e per trip, marking a decrease from 0.00026 tCO2e per trip in the 2023 base year
| Performance Indicators | 2025 Performance |
|---|---|
|
GHG Emission Intensity - Expressway and Rail Business (tons CO2e per trip) |
0.00023 |
|
GHG Emission Intensity - Rail Business (tons CO2e per passenger-kilometer) |
0.000086 |
| Performance Indicators | Long-term Targetby 2050 |
|---|---|
| Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions | Net Zero |
| Performance Indicators | Performances | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | |
| Total GHG Emissions (tons CO2e) | 143,834 | 141,552.14 | 135,790.09 |
|
8,059 | 4,048.73 | 2,901.15 |
|
106,364 | 108,781.17 | 105,182.66 |
|
29,411 | 28,722.24 | 27,706.28 |
| Performance Indicators | Performances and Targets | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 Performance | Short-term Target, by 2025 | Medium-term Target, by 2030 | |
| GHG Emissions Reduction (%) | 5.59 | 8 | 28 |
|
64.00 | 8 | 28 |
|
1.11 | 8 | 28 |
|
5.80 | 8 | 28 |
Remark: Targets based on the base year (2023)
Participation in Climate Change Networks
BEM recognizes the importance of and actively evaluates its participation in climate change networks and initiatives. This involves ensuring that the objectives, operational frameworks, and climate change policies or stances of such networks or associations align with the Company's own policies and practices. Currently, the Company is a member of the Thailand Carbon Neutral Network (TCNN), which operates under the supervision of the Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization (Public Organization) (TGO). The objective of this network is to foster collaboration among the government, private sector, and relevant parties to drive GHG emissions reductions and support the transition toward achieving Net Zero emissions.
In 2025, under the TCNN cooperative framework, BEM participated in activities and initiatives aligned with the network's guidelines to enhance its corporate GHG management capabilities. This included joining the "Industrial Greenhouse Gas Target Setting Promotion Project toward Net Zero Pathways Using Science Based Targets (Phase 2)" organized by TGO in collaboration with the Center of Excellence for Eco-Energy (CEEE), Faculty of Engineering, Thammasat University, to serve as a framework for developing science-based GHG reduction targets (Science Based Targets initiative: SBTi). Consequently, the Company received a Certificate of Recognition as a Net Zero Pilot Organization from TGO, with the Company being one of the 22 participating organizations in the project.
BEM received a Certificate of Recognition as a Net Zero Pilot Organization from TGO
BEM joined the declaration of commitment to the “Industrial Greenhouse Gas Target Setting Promotion Project for Net Zero Pathways Using the Science Based Targets (Phase 2)
Energy Management
Energy Saving Policy
BEM operates in accordance with its Energy Saving Policy, remaining committed to its ongoing responsibility for energy conservation. The Company has therefore developed an energy management system to achieve the highest efficiency in energy consumption and to ensure alignment across all operations, to achieve continuous and sustainable energy conservation.
Energy Management Practices
BEM prioritizes systematic energy management to enhance energy efficiency, reduce environmental impact, and support sustainable business operations, covering the following operations:
Electricity Management
BEM recognizes the importance of managing electrical energy, which serves as a primary resource for its business operations. The Company is committed to reducing the consumption of electricity generated from fossil fuels by enhancing the efficiency of its operational processes, systems, and equipment. This involves adopting energy-efficient equipment for use throughout various organizational facilities, including service areas, operational zones, and office buildings, focusing on electrical, lighting, air conditioning, and ventilation systems. This is done alongside promoting energy conservation awareness and behavior changes among employees to concretely support energy conservation.
Fuel and Oil Management
BEM focuses on upgrading and replacing machinery and equipment, alongside enhancing operational processes, to effectively reduce fuel and oil consumption while upholding the highest standards of service quality and safety.
Renewable and Clean Energy Management
BEM promotes the use of renewable and clean energy by continuously increasing its utilization proportion by installing solar power systems to replace fossil-fuel based electricity, as well as transitioning to electric vehicles instead of internal combustion engine vehicles, in order to reduce GHG emissions from corporate operations.
Energy Management
BEM’s energy consumption primarily consists of electricity and fuel, with electricity being the main source. Therefore, the Company prioritizes reducing electricity usage by continuously integrating modern and suitable technologies to support business operations. The Company also improves its systems to enhances energy efficiency for equipment on expressways, rail systems, office buildings, and other operational areas, through initiatives such as switching to LED lighting and installing solar power systems.
For fuel use in other business operations, BEM has implemented a fuel reduction plan that prioritizes daily vehicle inspections, selecting appropriate vehicle sizes for specific tasks, and modifying employee driving behaviors, such as limiting driving speed to no more than 80 kilometers per hour and implementing efficient travel planning.
Additionally, BEM is gradually replacing its operational fleet, including both pool vehicles and executive vehicles, transitioning from internal combustion engines to electric vehicles. This integration of environmentally friendly technology aims to reduce fuel consumption, minimize air pollution from fossil fuel combustion, enhance energy efficiency, and lower energy costs.
BEM also promotes energy conservation among employees at all levels and relevant stakeholders by raising awareness of its importance. The Company continuously communicates best practices and guidelines for energy conservation, encourages participation, tracks results, and prepares energy consumption reports to serve as data for planning, developing, and improving future energy management measures effectively.
In 2025
Total Energy Consumption
Total Non-Renewable Energy Consumption
Total Renewable Energy Consumption
BEM’s total energy consumption was 232,541.82 MWh, comprising 231,157.95 MWh from non-renewable sources, which included 224,634.52 MWh of electricity and 6,523.43 MWh of fuel, and 1,383.87 MWh of renewable energy. Total energy consumption decreased by 1,368.18 MWh compared with the 2023 base year, driven by energy management initiatives and system efficiency improvements. Consequently, energy intensity for rail services was 0.13 kWh per passenger-kilometer, achieving a reduction from both the base year and the previous year.
| Performance Indicators | Performances | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | |
| Total Energy Consumption (MWh) | 233,900.76 | 239,822.20 | 232,541.82 |
|
233,263.17 | 239,168.21 | 231,157.95 |
|
637.59 | 653.99 | 1,383.87 |
| Performance Indicators | Performance2025 | Short-term Targetby 2025 | Medium-term Targetby 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Energy Consumption Reduction (%) | 0.58 | 8 | 28 |
| Non-Renewable Energy Consumption Reduction (%) | 0.90 | 8 | 28 |
Additionally, BEM implemented 10 energy management projects to support limiting global temperature rise to 1.5oC, according to the Paris Agreement, with a total investment and expenditure of approximately 46.14 million THB. The Company reduced energy costs by 5.98 million THB, decreased energy consumption by 1,000,159 kWh, generated an additional 226,644 kWh of renewable energy, and reduced fuel consumption by 39,682 liters, resulting in a GHG emissions reduction of 710.87 tCO2e.
| Investment in Energy Management Projects(million THB) | Energy Cost Reduction(million THB) | Energy Consumption Reduction(kWh) | Renewable Electricity Generation(kWh) | Fuel Consumption Reduction(liters) | GHG Emissions Reduction(tons CO2e) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 46.14 | 5.98 | 1,000,159 | 226,644 | 39,682 | 710.87 |
Pollution Management
Pollution Management Practices
Recognizing the importance of preventing and reducing environmental impacts from its operational processes, BEM has established pollution management practices to control and minimize pollution emissions arising from its business activities, covering the following key issues:
Air Quality Management
BEM manages air quality impacts from its operations by designing and upgrading system infrastructures and installing appropriate equipment and advanced pollution-control technologies. These measures mitigate environmental effects on surrounding communities and society along the routes. Concurrently, regular air quality monitoring is conducted within operational areas to ensure strict compliance with relevant standards and requirements.
Noise Pollution Management
BEM prioritizes the management of operational noise, by optimizing structural designs, enhancing system infrastructures, and installing equipment to control noise levels at the source and mitigate sound propagation. Additionally, the Company continuously measures noise levels along transit routes and surrounding areas to minimize impacts on neighboring communities and society.
Pollution Management
BEM prioritizes pollution management in accordance with ISO 14001 standards and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) reports, complying with the Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures and Monitoring Programs (EMP). These actions are guided by the Company’s Environmental and Climate Policy framework, as well as relevant legal and regulatory requirements, to prevent any adverse impacts on the environment and surrounding communities. Furthermore, the Company has established short-term (annual), medium-term (by 2030) and long-term (by 2050) targets for pollution control and reduction.
Pollution from operations is systematically controlled through comprehensive impact assessments, the implementation of preventive and mitigation measures, and regular maintenance and inspection schedules for related machinery and equipment. Continuous monitoring, performance tracking, and the selection of high-efficiency equipment and technologies are also utilized to safeguard the environment and nearby communities, supporting the development of low-emission, environmentally friendly public transport networks.
Additionally, BEM manages and controls pollution along its mass transit rail routes to ensure full alignment with applicable laws and regulations, specifically targeting particulate matter (dust) and noise levels. Although some measurement results may be affected by pollution caused by external factors, the Company remains committed to ongoing pollution control and environmental improvement. In 2025, the Company successfully controlled pollution levels, maintaining them well within established targets and regulatory standards.
